How the 9/11 terrorist attacks shaped ICE’s immigration strategy
- Written by Pawan Dhingra, Professor of U.S. Immigration Studies, Amherst College
Tear gas fills the air in south Minneapolis on Jan. 24, 2026, after federal agents fatally shot Alex Pretti.Aaron Lavinsky/The Minnesota Star TribuneStephen Miller’s January 2026 announcement to Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers – telling them that they have “immunity to perform your duties” and that no...
Read more: How the 9/11 terrorist attacks shaped ICE’s immigration strategy

